Do Vaccines Cause Autism?
The claim that vaccines cause autism is one of the most damaging medical myths of modern times. It has been investigated exhaustively and thoroughly…
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The Black Death
The Black Death was a devastating plague that swept through Europe, Asia, and North Africa in the mid 1300s, killing tens of millions of people. One…
mRNA Vaccines
mRNA vaccines are a new type of vaccine that teaches the body to fight a disease by delivering genetic instructions rather than a weakened or…
Human Blood Types
Human blood comes in different types, determined by molecules on the surface of red blood cells. The discovery of blood types made safe blood…
What Causes Alzheimer's Disease
Alzheimer's disease is the most common cause of dementia, slowly destroying memory and thinking. That it damages the brain is clear, but what…
Why We Age
Why living things grow old and eventually die is one of biology's deep and contested questions. Ageing is nearly universal among complex animals, yet…
The Circulation of Blood
The circulation of blood is the continuous movement of blood around the body, pumped by the heart through a network of vessels. This understanding,…
Miasma Theory
Miasma theory was the belief that diseases such as cholera and the plague were caused by "bad air," a poisonous vapor thought to rise from rotting…
Humorism: The Four Humors
Humorism, or humoral theory, was the belief that human health depends on the balance of four bodily fluids, called humors: blood, phlegm, yellow…
Handwashing Prevents Infection
Washing the hands with soap and water is one of the simplest and most powerful tools in all of medicine for preventing the spread of disease. It is a…
The Human Brain
The human brain is the command centre of the body and the most complex object known in the universe. Weighing only about 1.4 kilograms, it contains…
Germ Theory of Disease
The germ theory of disease is the scientific theory that many illnesses are caused by microorganisms, living agents too small to see, that invade the…
Smoking Causes Cancer
That tobacco smoking causes cancer is one of the most thoroughly established findings in all of medicine. Smoking is the leading preventable cause of…
The Human Heart
The human heart is a muscular pump, roughly the size of a clenched fist, that drives blood through the body every moment of life. Beating around…
Vaccines
A vaccine is a preparation that trains the immune system to recognize and fight a specific disease before the body is ever exposed to the real…
Pasteurization
Pasteurization is the process of heating a food or drink to a specific temperature for a set length of time in order to kill harmful microorganisms…
Penicillin
Penicillin was the first true antibiotic, a medicine that kills bacteria and cures infections that had once been routinely fatal. Its discovery and…
Bloodletting
Bloodletting was the practice of deliberately draining blood from a patient to cure or prevent illness. For more than two thousand years it was one…