The Age of the Earth
The Earth is about 4.54 billion years old. This figure, once fiercely debated, is now established with great precision through the radioactive dating…
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Conservation of Mass
The conservation of mass is the principle that, in any ordinary physical or chemical change, matter is neither created nor destroyed. The total mass…
The Periodic Table
The periodic table is the organizing chart of chemistry, arranging all the known chemical elements by their properties. It is one of the most…
Heliocentrism
Heliocentrism is the understanding that the Earth and the other planets orbit the Sun, rather than the Sun and everything else orbiting the Earth.…
Handwashing Prevents Infection
Washing the hands with soap and water is one of the simplest and most powerful tools in all of medicine for preventing the spread of disease. It is a…
The Age of the Universe
The universe is about 13.8 billion years old. Once a matter of wide uncertainty and heated debate, this figure is now known with remarkable…
Fermat's Last Theorem
Fermat's Last Theorem states that no three positive whole numbers can satisfy the equation a to the power n, plus b to the power n, equals c to the…
Smoking Causes Cancer
That tobacco smoking causes cancer is one of the most thoroughly established findings in all of medicine. Smoking is the leading preventable cause of…
Pasteurization
Pasteurization is the process of heating a food or drink to a specific temperature for a set length of time in order to kill harmful microorganisms…
The Four Color Theorem
The four color theorem states that any map drawn on a flat surface can be colored using only four colors in such a way that no two regions sharing a…
Conservation of Energy
The law of conservation of energy states that energy cannot be created or destroyed, only changed from one form into another. The total amount of…
Penicillin
Penicillin was the first true antibiotic, a medicine that kills bacteria and cures infections that had once been routinely fatal. Its discovery and…
The Speed of Light
The speed of light in a vacuum is a fixed, fundamental constant of nature, equal to about 299,792 kilometres per second. It is the fastest speed at…
The Pythagorean Theorem
The Pythagorean theorem is one of the most famous results in all of mathematics. It states that in a right angled triangle, the square of the longest…
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